Chikungunya can affect anyone, but certain circumstances can make infection and consequences more likely. The following are the risk factors for Chikungunya:
Location
Living in or going to areas with active Chikungunya transmission raises the risk of exposure to infected mosquitoes. Chikungunya is more common in tropical and subtropical regions.
Mosquito Exposure
Spending time outside without sufficient protection, especially during peak mosquito activity hours (dawn and dusk), increases the risk of mosquito bites and Chikungunya transmission.
Weak Immunity
People not previously afflicted with Chikungunya or immunised against it are more susceptible to the infection.
Age Groups
While Chikungunya can affect people of all ages, elderly people and infants are more likely to develop severe symptoms and problems.
Medical Conditions
Individuals with underlying medical issues, such as diabetes, heart disease, or weakened immune systems, may have more severe forms of Chikungunya and its consequences.
Pregnancy
Chikungunya-infected pregnant women are at risk of problems, and the virus can be passed on to the foetus during pregnancy or childbirth.
Mosquito-borne Disease Co-Infections
People with other mosquito-borne diseases, such as dengue or Zika, may have more severe symptoms and complications.
Occupational Exposure
Certain vocations, such as outdoor labourers or those involved in mosquito control, may be at a higher risk of being bitten by an infected mosquito.
Chikungunya, a viral disease spread by Aedes mosquitos, is a major public health concern due to its rapid spread and debilitating symptoms. While it is rarely fatal, it can cause long-term joint difficulties. Early detection is critical for effective symptom management. Preventive strategies include mosquito control and personal protection, particularly in endemic areas.