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Spine surgery is nowadays a very common medical practice worldwide. Back pain issues are very frequent, which can be cured with medicines and exercises. However, if this back pain comes from serious spine injuries like spinal infections, spinal deformity or tumours in the spine, then the patient needs spine surgery.
Spine surgery in India is quite common and has a high success rate. Therefore, if you are looking for information regarding the same, keep reading this piece.
Spine surgery is a surgical practice that treats a broken or damaged spine to retain its original performance.
The spine, also known as the vertebral column, is a bony structure that protects the spinal cord. It also gives structure to a body. The more healthy and flexible your spine is, the more you are fit and able to live a long healthy life.
Hence, the spine is prone to many diseases, for example, Spondylolisthesis, slipped disc, spinal bifida etc. Apart from these, people may have an abnormality in the spine due to birth complications and get hurt by accidents or sports. Therefore, for serious stages of these cases mentioned above, one may need spine surgery.
Surgery can be required for the following issues of the spine -
It is a spinal disorder that occurs due to mutations in the Hox genes, which leads to sacralisation and lumbarisation. Commonly it gives spinal instability and degradation.
It occurs due to an unusual compression of blood vessels between your collarbone and first rib. It leads to neck and shoulder pain.
In this type of condition, the disc and ligaments of the spinal cord become weaker or thicker, which leads to the outgrowth of vertebra structure.
This condition occurs due to the displacement of the spinal bones, which leads to severe back pain.
This situation refers to the growth of tumours within the bony structure of the spinal cord.
Fractures are the breaking of spinal bones due to an accident or injury. In the serious stages of fracture, individuals need spine surgery.
It is a type of spine injury that causes severe back pain and that results in numbness of the spinal cord and even paralysis.
The different types of spine surgeries in India are listed below,
Cervical spine that joins the skull and the body or is commonly known as the neck. People need this surgery for severe neck pain due to arthritis or cervical disc disease. The surgery is done by three methods that are discectomy, artificial cervical disc replacement, and cervical fusion. In a discectomy, the surgeon removes the damaged cervical disc. Afterwards, the gap for this removal is filled and bridged by the cervical disc replacement and fusion processes.
Benefits:
Success Rate:
The success rate of cervical spine surgery is 66% to 98%, according to the National Library of Medicine.
In this type of neck surgery, any pressure on a tendon or nerve in the lumbar section is relieved. This surgery is mainly for older people who have spinal stenosis. In this surgery, the surgeon cuts the enlarged facet joint that puts pressure on the nerves to release this tension and pain.
Benefits:
Success Rate:
Lumbar laminectomy has a success rate of 70% to 80% on average.
This surgery takes place on the lumbar vertebrae, which is located between the pelvis and rib cage. One may face severe back pain due to injured spinal discs. If the medicines or exercises fail to treat this severe pain, the patient needs surgery. In this surgery, the surgeon places a prosthetic implant in the place of a painful disc. This maintains the normal working of the disc.
Benefits:
Success Rate:
Artificial spine lumbar disc replacement has a success rate of 60% to 70%.
For situations such as herniated discs, spinal tumours, Scoliosis, spinal infections, disc diseases, etc., this surgery is important. Compared to other surgeries, the recovery process of Minimally invasive spine surgery is very quick. In addition, surgeons do this surgery with just a small incision.
Benefits:
Success Rate:
This surgery has a high success rate of more than 90%.
Spinal decompression surgery is a common spine surgery in India that is done to relieve the pain of compression of the spinal nerves. Conditions such as fractures and spinal injuries, spinal stenosis, Sciatica or slipped disc, metastatic spinal cord compression, etc. require this surgery. The whole surgery involves three processes, microdiscectomy, lumbar laminectomy and laminotomy.
Benefits:
Success Rate:
Success rate of Spinal decompression surgery is 71% to 89%.
The surgery removes the spinal tumour that causes excessive pressure, which leads to spine fracture. Further, surgeons perform this surgery when the tumour becomes malignant or grows in size excessively.
The surgery involves three procedures, decompression, embolisation and kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty. In these whole three processes, a surgeon removes the tumour, blocks the blood supply to it and repairs the fracture.
Benefits:
Success Rate:
The success rate of spinal tumour surgery is 83% on average.
Conditions that demand spinal fusion are Scoliosis, spinal disc herniation, Kyphosis, discogenic pain, spinal tumour, etc. In this surgery, a part of bone is taken from the patient or donor to join the affected vertebra. Surgeons also use metallic rods and screws to do the fusion.
Benefits:
Success Rate:
Spinal fusion surgery has a high success rate of 70% to 90%.
This surgery involves restoring the balance and shape of the spine. Therefore, it also can be called a spine reformation surgery. Patients who face severe back pain despite taking medicines may need this surgery after examining properly.
Spine osteotomy has three types they are Smith-Peterson Osteotomy, Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy and Vertebral Column Resection Osteotomy.
Benefits:
Success Rate:
The success rate of Spine Osteotomy is 95% on average.
Open spine surgeries are traditional ones where surgeons create a broad incision to repair the affected area of the spine. They also pull the spinal muscle to reach the bony structure. On the other hand, in Minimal invasive surgeries, small incisions are made involving effective modern technologies. In addition, here, the chances of muscle and tissue damage are almost from nil to little.
Further, for open spine surgery, patients must go under acute anaesthesia and stay in the hospital for a long period. Minimal invasive surgeries give the exact opposite benefits, on the other hand.
Apart from these, blood loss, post-surgical pain, and recovery time are also less in Minimal invasive spinal surgeries.
Therefore, depending on your health condition, you can choose the type of spine surgery. Doctor consultation is highly important in this case.
Apart from these great benefits, there are some minor to major side effects of spine surgery that demand discussion.
Hence, these side effects are not always fatal to patients, and proper post-surgical activities can cure them. However, bleeding during the surgery or infection may raise serious complications. Therefore, if you face any post-surgical obnoxious symptoms, consult a physician immediately.
Spine surgeries are highly impactful as they influence your body balance and daily workings. As the effects of the surgeries are so deep, your body needs preparation before going to the operation room. You can consult an expert beforehand to know helpful processes to prep your body for spinal surgeries.Â
However, there are certain general methods that you can follow. These are -
With these practices, you will be able to prepare your body and mind for the pressure of surgery.
Surgeons use different procedures to perform different spine surgeries. The common methods that surgeons follow are listed below,
Laminotomy
In this process, surgeons decompress the spinal canal by removing a minor part of the laminar roof and spinal canal ligaments.
Microdiscectomy
Surgeons remove the pressure exerting disc from the affected area, further reducing pain. This procedure helps in better functioning of nerves.
Lumbar Laminectomy
In this process, the parts of the lamina, that is, a bony roof and thick ligaments of the spinal cord, are removed to perform decompression from both sides.
Kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty
In this process, surgeons fix the broken spinal cord due to the spinal pressure tumour. This process is a part of minimally invasive surgeries.
Smith-Peterson Osteotomy
This process is for minor fixing of the deformed spinal cord. The process involves approximately 10-20 degrees of correction.
Vertebral Column Resection Osteotomy
In this process, surgeons completely remove one or multiple parts from spinal cord. However, this process is also for correcting deformity in spinal cord.
After a serious spine surgery, you may feel some discomfort in your back. Depending on the type of surgery, you will need to stay in the hospital. Here you will get proper after care; however, after returning home, you must follow certain procedures for quick healing. These are,
To know about approximate costs of spine surgery in India, you can follow the below-mentioned chart
|
Type of the Surgery |
Approximate Cost (May vary across cities) |
|
Cervical Spine Surgery |
₹ 5,98,292 |
|
Lumbar Laminectomy |
₹ 4,38,747 |
|
Artificial Spine Lumbar Disc Replacement |
₹ 5,42,451 |
|
Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery |
₹ 4,30,770 |
|
Spinal Decompression |
₹ 3,50,998 |
|
Spine Tumour Surgery |
₹ 3,82,9107 |
|
Spinal Fusion |
₹ 3,98,861 |
|
Spine Osteotomy |
₹ 3,58,975 |
Hope this guide on spine surgery in India will help you to understand the whole idea clearly. Every surgery mentioned above has quite a high success rate but, you need to consult a doctor beforehand to get more comprehensive opinions.
The good news is that some insurance companies cover spine surgery under their health insurance plans, which means you can be covered for the expenses incurred in the surgery. However, you have to purchase health insurance with critical illness coverage and a higher sum insured to cover the cost of the treatment.
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