Brain Tumour: Types, Symptoms, Causes and Diagnosis

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Types of Brain Tumours and Their Symptoms

There are 2 main brain tumour types. These are -

1) Primary tumour – This is a tumour emerging from the tissue of the brain and its surroundings. It can be cancerous or non-cancerous. It has two sub-divisions:

Glial tumour – It refers to abnormal growth in the non-neuronal section of the central and peripheral nervous system that provides electrical impulses.
Non-glial tumour – It refers to growth and multiplication of cells inside the brain structure comprising nerves, glands, and blood vessels.

2) Metastatic brain tumour – It is a tumour that does not arise in the brain but migrates to the brain from other body parts through the bloodstream or lymph nodes. It is always cancerous. Above 15000 people per year are diagnosed with metastatic tumours.

Here is a table encapsulating different types of brain tumours based on their origin and their respective symptoms -

Type 1: Benign Brain Tumour
Type 2: Malignant Brain Tumour

Classification	Location in Brain	Brain Tumour Symptoms
Type 1, Chordomas	Base of the skull, the lower part of the spine, often puts pressure on neural tissue	Nosebleed, headache, vision problem, muscle weakness, bowel problem
Craniopharyngiomas	Deep inside the brain on the pituitary gland	Obesity, delayed development in the child, vision problem for the swollen optic nerve, hormonal problem
Gangliocytomas	Neoplastic nerve cells	Endocrine disorder, vision problem, brain pressure
Glomus jugulare	On the top of the jugular vein at the base of the skull	Dizziness, hearing loss, hoarseness, loss of facial muscle movement
Meningiomas	In intracranial part of the brain on the membrane-like structure across brain and spinal cord	Headache, weakness, seizures, vision problem
Pineocytomas	In pineal cells	-
Pituitary adenomas	On pituitary gland	Hormonal problem, vision problem, headache, behavioural changes
Schwannomas	In nerve cells	pins-and-needle feeling, weakness, back and neck pain, lump, burning sensation
Type 2, Astrocytomas	In glial cells of the primary brain, spinal cord, cerebrum	Memory loss, seizures, behaviour change, headache
Ependymomas	Ependymal cells in the lining of the ventricular system of the brain (caused by neoplastic transformation)	Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, balance and walking problem, blurry vision, bowel problem
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)	Grows in glial cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes	Nausea, vomiting, headache, weakness, memory problem, difficulty in balancing, seizures
Medulloblastomas	Cerebellum	Hearing loss, dizziness, vomiting, nausea, problem in thinking ability.
Oligodendrogliomas	Cells of myelin, the insulating wire of the brain	Language problem, balance and walking problem, personality change, memory loss, seizure
Hemangioblastomas	Blood vessels to the cerebellum	Loss of coordination, headache, imbalance, vomiting
Rhabdoid tumours	Central nervous system	Morning headache, un-sleepiness, loss of balance, coordination problem, increase in the size of the head, trouble in walking.

Brain Tumour - Types, Symptoms, Causes and Diagnosis

Types of Brain Tumours and Their Symptoms

The Main Causes of Brain Tumour

Risk Factors of Brain Tumour

How Is Brain Tumour Diagnosed?

Frequently Asked Questions

✓ Which is the slowest growing brain tumour?

✓ What are the symptoms of a final stage malignant brain tumour?

✓ How much time does a brain tumour need to grow?

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