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What is RPR Test and When it is Recommended?

RPR test, also known as rapid plasma reagin test, is a type of blood test used to look for antibodies to syphilis. In this regard, syphilis is a venereal disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Therefore, the RPR test procedure involves venepuncture, usually performed in a doctor's laboratory or chamber.

To learn more about the RPR test and its procedure, continue reading!

Team Digit

What Is the RPR Test?

The RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) test is a non-treponemal, macroscopic, flocculation card test. As mentioned earlier, this is used to screen syphilis and works by detecting nonspecific antibodies the body produces to fight infection.

This test allows doctors to diagnose and initiate treatment along with specific antibody testing. This further reduces the chance of complications and the spread of syphilis.

When is an RPR Test Recommended?

Your doctor might recommend an RPR test in several instances:

It is a straightforward way to diagnose the risk of contaminating syphilis
If you have syphilis-like inflammation or rash
It might be recommended during pregnancy. For instance, during delivery, the third trimester, or the first prenatal visit
When a person is engaged in coitus with several partners
If you have HIV
Lastly, you may also require it if you are undergoing syphilis treatment

How Is Blood for the RPR Test Obtained?

Doctors will collect your blood sample by using a method of venepuncture. In this regard, you must note that you don’t need to follow any special dietary requirements before the test. This includes staying away from a few foods or fasting.

Blood collection usually occurs in the laboratory or a doctor's chamber. A few of the procedures that might include during your test include the following:

Step 1: Your healthcare supervisor might provide you with a comfortable chair or suggest you lie down.

Step 2: Then, they will tie a rubber tube in your arm to make the veins visible. After that, they will rub alcohol to cleanse the spot to inject the needle.

Step 3: After collecting the blood sample, they will destroy the needle and hold on to the punctured place. In some cases, they might also offer you a bandage.

What is the Procedure of Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) Test?

RPR test usually gives rapid results. Regardless, the procedure of this test includes the following:

Step 1: First, they will place 0.05 ml of blood plasma on an 18 mm circle of an RPR test card.

Step 2: Then will spread the blood to cover the circle.

Step 3: After that, they will drop a few drops of antigen suspension to mix it.

Step 4: Then to observe the flocculation, medical professionals rotate the card for 5 to 8 minutes.

Step 5: If there are antibodies, the agglutinates will display black clumps. For negative results, the mixture will stay grey and uniform.

What Are the Risks Involved with the RPR Test?

Although there are no such risks of RPR test in general, there might be a few related to venipuncture. For instance, a few patients might complain about bleeding, inflammation or bruising after blood collection. However, this is temporary and will abate after the application of an ice pack. Additionally, a few also complain about feeling dizzy. Likewise, this is also temporary, but you must consult your doctor if it lasts more than a few minutes.

Hence, the RPR test procedure is rapid and provides results within an hour. Also, you must note that the sensitivity level of this test might be lower for primary syphilis. Hence, this test is most effective in the secondary stage of syphilis.

FAQs About RPR Test

All

What other tests might I need along with the RPR test?

RPR test is not only specific to syphilis. Hence, if you are showing positive results on this test, a few other tests can follow to confirm syphilis.

How to ready for the RPR test?

To prepare for the test, you must follow the advice of your healthcare professional. Although there are no dietary restrictions in general, you might need specific instructions depending on your medical conditions.

What are the false negative and false positive RPR results?

False negative results refer to the early phase of syphilis, the presence of alcohol in blood, infected with the disease for less than 14 days. On the other hand, false-positive RPR lab tests indicate pregnancy, liver disease, respiratory infections etc.

Why is the RPR test sometimes included in routine blood tests?

The RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) test is primarily used to screen for syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection. It may be included in a routine blood panel if there's a clinical reason, such as symptoms suggestive of infection, or during certain health screenings.

In some cases, especially for individuals above a certain age or with a specific medical history, insurance companies may request basic health screenings before purchasing a health insurance policy.

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CIN: L66010PN2016PLC167410, IRDAI Reg. No. 158.

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