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How TDS is Calculated on Salary & TDS Interest Calculation Formula?

What is TDS on Salary?

Who Can Deduct TDS Under Section 192?

When is TDS Deducted & TDS Rate Chart for FY 2025-26 (AY 2026-27)

TDS is deducted at the time of actual payment of salary, under Section 192. It means tax will be deducted when your employer pays your salary, whether in advance or on time, or in arrears (late payment).

Tax Deduction at Source calculation depends on the various natures of payments. Therefore, individuals wondering how to calculate TDS on salary, bill amount, or fixed deposits first need to know the different TDS rates.

In the table given below, you will find the new TDS rate chart, as revised by Budget 2025.

Nature of Payment TDS Section TDS Rate
Salaries Section 192  Normal slab-rate 
Premature PF withdrawal Section 192A  10% (20% if no PAN card) 
Interest received on securities Section 193  10% 
Dividends received on the company's shares and on mutual funds  Section 194 and 194K 10%
Interest other than interest on securities (fixed deposit interest) Section 194A  10% 
Winnings from crosswords, lotteries, or any game  Section 194B  30% 
Winnings from horse races Section 194BB  30% 
Payment of contractors and subcontractors Section 194C 1% for individuals and HUF 
2% for other taxpayers
Insurance commission received by domestic companies  Section 194D  10% 
Insurance commission received by others Section 194D  2% (effective from 1st April 2025) 
Life insurance policies are not exempted under Section 10(10D) Section 194DA  2% (effective from 1st April 2025)
Payment in respect of deposits under the National Savings Scheme 194EE 10%
Payments on account of the repurchase of units by mutual funds or UTI 194F  Proposed to be removed effective from 1st October 2024 
Commission, prize, etc., on the sale of lottery tickets Section 194G 2% (effective from 1st October 2024) 
Brokerage or Commission  Section 194H  2% (effective from 1st October 2024) 
Payment is done while transferring immovable property, except for agricultural land Section 194IA  1%
Rent payment by HUF or individual exceeding ₹50,000 per month Section 194IB  2% (effective from 1st October 2024) 
Rent on machinery and plant 194- I 2% 
Rent for immovable property 194-I 10% 
Payment of professional fees, etc. 194J 2% (technical services, royalties, FTS, call centre) & 10% (others) 
Payment made by HUF/individuals to a professional or commission, or brokerage of more than ₹50 lakh and above 194M  2% (effective from 1st October 2024) 
Cash withdrawal exceeding a specific amount 194N  2%
TDS on e-commerce participants (w.e.f. 1.10.2020) Section 194-O  0.1% (effective from 1st October 2024)

TDS Calculation Formula with Example (as per New Tax Regime)

Typically, the employer deducts TDS from his employee’s salary at the ‘average rate’ applicable to his estimated total income.

The TDS formula is:

Average Income Tax Rate = Income Tax Payable (computed through slab rates) / Estimated income for the financial year.

Let’s say you receive a monthly salary of ₹1,00,000 during FY 2025-26.

Total income ₹12,00,000
Estimated deduction (under Chapter VI A) ₹1,00,000
Income chargeable to tax ₹11,00,000

Under Section 192, TDS on your salary according to the current slab rate will be ₹50,000.

After adding 4% education and higher education cess (i.e. ₹2000), your net payable tax becomes ₹52,000.

So, the average rate of TDS on your salary will be equal to ₹52,000/12,00,000*100 = 4.33%.

Under Section 192, TDS on your salary deducted every month will be 4.33% of ₹1,00,000, i.e., ₹4330

TDS Calculation in Case of Salary from More than One Employer

Different Scenarios of TDS Exemptions

TDS Deductions Under Section 89

Time Limit to Deposit the Tax Under Section 192

How to Calculate Interest on TDS for Late Payment?

How Can You Save TDS?

FAQs about TDS Calculation