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15 Important Things to Check Before Buying a Health Insurance Plan

what are the things to know before buying health insurance plan in india

If you’ve just bought a health insurance policy for the very first time, or you’re planning to buy one, you might be feeling a little overwhelmed with all the complicated terms and jargon you find about health insurance both online and in your policy documents.

But, instead of being confused until the last minute, we can help you be prepared with some of the things you need to know before buying health insurance. Knowing all these details will help you choose the right health insurance plan for you and reduce any hassles and confusion at the time of claims.

So, let’s examine some important terms about health insurance.

Team Digit

What is Health Insurance?
Things to Consider
Tips for Buying Health Insurance
Dos & Don’ts
Frequently Asked Questions

What is Health Insurance?

Health insurance is a contract between an individual and an insurance provider that helps cover the cost of medical care. The insurer provides financial protection for various health-related expenses in exchange for regular premium payments. This coverage can include doctor visits, hospital stays, surgeries, and prescription medications.

Health insurance aims to reduce the financial burden of medical services and ensure access to necessary care. It plays a critical role in maintaining health and managing healthcare costs efficiently.

15 Essential Things to Consider Before Buying Health Insurance

When purchasing health insurance, making an informed decision is important to ensure the proper coverage. Below are a few things to consider before making your choice:

1. Waiting Period

A waiting period is the time you need to wait before you can make a claim for some or all benefits of your health insurance policy.

This waiting period and its terms and conditions will vary from company to company. Usually, there is an initial waiting period of around 30 days after which you can actively start using your health insurance (except for accidental hospitalization). There are also specific waiting periods for pre-existing diseases, maternity benefits, and for certain other ailments.

2. Co-payment

A co-payment refers to the percentage of the claim amount that will be borne by the policyholder during a claim in health insurance. Essentially, it means you and your insurer will be splitting the medical bills; so, while your insurer will pay for a large portion of the bill, a smaller part of it would have to be paid by you. For example, if you have a 15% co-pay, your insurer will bear 85% of the claim amount, while you pay the rest.

While opting for a higher co-pay, it will help to lower your total premium, it will mean that you have to pay a larger amount during claims. On the other hand, a lower co-pay will increase your premium, but in the end, you will pay less during claims.

Some insurance policies come with a mandatory clause for co-payment, while others will offer policyholders the option to choose a voluntary co-payment amount.

3. Cashless Health Insurance

Instead of getting your hospital bills reimbursed from your health insurer after your treatments, a cashless health insurance is where after you get the required treatment at a Network Hospital, your health insurer will take care of the bills directly. You don’t need to pay any cash out of your own pocket.

All you need is an approval from your insurer or third-party administrator, and the costs will be taken care of between the hospital and your insurance company.

4. Pre and Post Hospitalization

Medical bills often go beyond what you need to pay for your hospitalization stay.

Pre-hospitalization expenses are those that are incurred before you are admitted to the hospital for treatment, such as diagnostic tests, investigative procedures, medication, and more.

Post-hospitalization expenses refer to the medical costs incurred between 45-90 days after you are discharged from the hospital after your treatment. This could include follow-up tests, continuing treatments, specific medications, etc.

5. Room Rent Capping

When you are hospitalized, the hospital will charge you a room rent for the time that you are admitted. There are a range of hospital rooms like a general ward, double room, deluxe room, luxury room, etc. with a different room rent of each.

Many insurance providers set a maximum room rent limit under their health insurance, including a cap on ICU room rents as well. So, in case you choose a hospital room with a higher rent, you would have to pay the extra amount out of your pocket. For example, if your rent charges are capped at 1% of your sum insured of ₹5 lakhs, your insurance will cover the same up to ₹5,000.

However, some insurance companies like Digit have no room rent capping as a benefit, meaning that you can choose any hospital room you want during your treatment as long as your total claim amount doesn’t exceed your sum insured.

6. Pre-existing Diseases

Pre-existing diseases or conditions are any disease or health condition that you already have had symptoms of or have been treated for within 48 months before you got your health insurance policy. These can range from serious conditions like cancer or diabetes to high blood pressure, or asthma.

Depending on your age and the disease or condition, there is usually a 3 year waiting period before a pre-existing condition is covered.

When it comes to pre-existing diseases, it’s best to be as transparent as possible! Include all the diseases and treatments you would need covered in your health insurance policy so that your insurance provider won’t reject your claims later.

7. New Age Treatments

With the success of technological improvements in modern medicine, a number of “new-age” procedures are also sometimes covered as a part of your health insurance policy. They include treatments like:

Balloon sinuplasty
Deep brain stimulation
Oral chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Uterine Artery Embolization and HIFU (High intensity focused ultrasound)
Intra vitreal injections
Robotic surgeries
Stereotactic radio surgeries
Bronchial thermoplasty
Vaporization of the prostate
IONM (Intra Operative Neuro Monitoring)
Stem cell therapy

Often these procedures are covered up to 50% of the total sum insured.

8. Daycare Procedures

Daycare treatments and procedures are those medical treatments that need hospitalization, but for less than 24-hours. So, it is when you need to be admitted to the hospital for a treatment or operation that takes less than a day.

Some examples of daycare treatments include cataract surgeries, nasal sinus aspiration, cancer chemotherapy, cancer radiotherapy, etc.

9. Add-on Covers

On the other hand, additional covers (also called add-ons or riders) are additional coverages that you can opt for in addition to your existing health insurance policy. When you have these covers you can enhance your coverage for an additional premium.

According to the IRDAI, the total premium for all the add-ons picked under a single health insurance policy cannot exceed 30% of the original premium amount. So, if you get a family floater health insurance at ₹5,000/year, and you want to include 5 add-ons, the additional premium you will need to pay for those add-ons cannot exceed ₹15,00 (30% of 5000).

Popular add-ons include features like a Maternity cover, Room Rent waiver, Hospital cash cover, or critical illness cover.

10. Exclusions

Often, there are limits and restrictions to your health insurance policy, such as diseases, conditions or situations where your medical expenses will not be covered. There are two main types of exclusions:

Permanent Exclusions – these are never covered by your policy, and can include things like hospitalization without a doctor’s recommendation, or pre-natal and post-natal medical expenses.
First Year Exclusions – these are specific diseases or treatments that are only covered from the second year of your policy, such as those with longer waiting periods like cataracts, hernia, endometriosis, or neurodegenerative disorders.

It is important to know what is excluded in your policy before you purchase it so that there are no surprises when it is time to make a claim.

11. Sum Insured

Your sum insured is the maximum amount your health insurer will be able to cover for you in one year in case of medical claims. Thus, it is the maximum reimbursement you can get in case you make a claim with your health insurer.

In case your total medical bills exceed this amount, you will have to pay the extra cost out of your own pocket. Thus it is important to choose the SI carefully.

While a lower SI can result in a lower premium, when you opt for a higher sum insured, you will be increasing the amount you have in case of emergency

12. Cumulative Bonus

A cumulative bonus is similar to a no claim bonus in car insurance. However, instead of an upfront discount, you will get added benefits.

In case you haven’t made any claims during the policy year, will give you an increase in your Sum Insured, without charging you any extra premium. This increase in your sum insured is called a cumulative bonus. It usually starts at 10% for every claim-free year.

13. Deductible

Some health insurance plans include a deductible. This is when you need to pay a part of the insurance claim from your pocket before the insurer can cover the rest for you. This amount is usually decided by you while buying your health insurance policy.

So, for example, if your healthcare claim is ₹35,000, and you have a deductible amount of ₹10,000, your insurance company will be liable to pay ₹25,000. The ₹10,000 deductibles will have to be borne by you.

There are two types of deductibles – Compulsory and Voluntary.

Compulsory Deductible	Voluntary Deductible
This amount is fixed by the insurance company, and you will have to pay this part of the bill whenever a claim arises.	This amount can be chosen by you, and you decide to pay it out of your pocket when a claim arises. The amount can vary based on financial affordability and medical expenses.
Since the amount is set by the insurer, the amount cannot be lowered and will not change the premium.	The higher your deductible amount is, the lower your premium will be.
In case of a claim, you will pay only the compulsory deductible amount set by the insurance company.	In case of a claim, you will have to pay the voluntary deductible, as well as any compulsory deductible, out-of-pocket.

14. Sub-limits

A sub-limit is a pre-determined cap that is placed on parts of your claim amount by the insurer. These sub-limits won’t be applicable to the entire bill amount, but rather to certain conditions. The three main types of sub-limits are those placed on:

Hospital room rent – your insurer will usually cover the room rent per day, but only up to a certain limit, usually between 1–2% of the sum insured, or some other fixed amount of money.
Treatment of certain diseases – common and pre-planned procedures, such as kidney stones, cataracts, piles, gallstones, hernias, tonsils, or sinus are often subject to a sub-limit clause, where your insurer will only bear a certain percentage of the bill for these treatments.
Pre- and post-hospitalization charges – if your policy covers pre-hospitalization expenses and post-hospitalization expenses, these may also be subject to a sub-limit.

So, at the time of claims, you can only make a claim for the amount set out by the sub-limit clause, and beyond that, you need to pay out of your own pocket.

15. Loading

Loading is a situation primarily used in some health insurance plans. It is an additional cost added to the premium for certain “risky individuals”. These are people who might have a higher-than-usual risk of someone making a claim.

The risk might be due to their older age, pre-existing ailments like hypertension or diabetes, history of major surgery, adverse family history, or bad habits such as smoking.

Loading is a way to cover these higher-than-anticipated losses from individuals who may be at a higher-than-anticipated risk of making medical claims. It also allows these high-risk customers to get more comprehensive insurance coverage.

Tips For Purchasing Health Insurance Plan in India

essential tips to purchase health insurance plans in india

While you have many options of insurance companies and product offerings to choose from, the following tips for purchasing health insurance apply to almost every insurer and product:

Tips	Description
Buy as Much Coverage as Affordable	As coverage increases, premium margins decrease. For example, a ₹10 lakh policy may not cost twice as much as a ₹5 lakh policy.
Choose a Wide Cashless Network	Select insurance from a company with a broad cashless network for better coverage and convenience.
Purchase Health Insurance Online	With digitalisation, you can now buy health insurance online from home using a laptop or smartphone with an internet connection.
Get Insurance for Parents Early	Senior citizens are at higher health risk and require early insurance, but insurers charge more for aged individuals.
Opt for Individual Plans When Possible	Individual plans are preferable if affordable, as family floater plans may deplete quickly if one member incurs high medical costs.

Dos & Don’ts Before Buying Health Insurance in India

Health emergencies come without prior notice and can be quite financially tested. At times, they might even put people in debt, which would affect their future earning ability. Here are some do’s and don’ts to ensure you get full-proof protection without any unwanted hiccups during and after buying the plan.

1. Things to Do Before Buying a Health Insurnace Plan

When buying medical insurance in India, you must inspect all the details very carefully, including:

Disclose details regarding any pre-existing disease or medical condition to your insurer.
Be prepared with all the documents, including medical reports.
Inquire about where the medical tests are to be done and who shall be covering the cost.
Pay premiums only when you have ensured that your insurance proposal has been accepted.
Once accepted, pay your premiums and get the policy renewal in time.

2. Things Not to Do Before Buying a Health Insurnace Plan

When purchasing health insurance in India, it's essential to avoid common pitfalls that could impact your coverage, including:

Do not hold back facts about your health conditions when purchasing a health insurance policy, as it could land you in a mess during claim settlement.
Do not keep any gaps in your policy renewals that could adversely affect your cover.
Cheaper policies might offer limited coverage or high out-of-pocket expenses; consider the overall value instead.
Considering inflation and rising healthcare expenses, ensure your sum insured is adequate to cover potential medical costs.
Be aware of the waiting periods for specific conditions and procedures, and plan accordingly.
Always disclose your full medical history to avoid claim rejections due to non-disclosure of pre-existing conditions.
Check if the policy has sub-limits on room rent or specific treatments, and understand your co-payment obligations.
Take your time to compare policies, seek advice if needed, and ensure you fully understand what you're buying before committing.

Hopefully, understanding these terms will help you know what to look for when buying health insurance so that you can stop feeling overwhelmed with all the complicated terms or jargon the next time you buy or renew your important health insurance policy. Understand exclusions and waiting periods, especially for pre-existing conditions.

FAQs on Things to Know Before Buying Health Insurance

All

Do all pre-existing conditions have a waiting period?

While most policies do include pre-existing conditions in their health insurance, there will be a 3 year waiting period before the pre-existing condition is covered. The number of years depends on your age and what the condition is. While the policy won’t cover these conditions during this time, it will cover other ailments and injuries.

How do I find out my Co-payment liability for health insurance?

Your health insurance policy document will have all the relevant details regarding the co-payment options – whether you are required to pay it, the percentage at which it is levied, etc.

Is it possible to reduce the waiting period in my health insurance policy?

Yes, some insurers will give you the option to reduce your waiting period to 2,3 or 4 years, and instead, they will charge you a higher premium accordingly. But, with Digit, currently, there is no way to reduce your waiting period by paying a higher premium.

Is there a difference between co-payment and deductible in health insurance policies?

A co-payment is when the claim settlement amount is divided between the insurance provider and policyholder. So, if you have a 15% co-pay, your insurer will bear 85% of the claim amount, while you pay the rest. A higher co-pay will also result in a lower premium amount, though you will pay a larger amount during claims.

A deductible is an amount that you have to pay as part of a claim before the rest of the amount is paid by the insurance company. There are two kinds, a compulsory deductible that is fixed by the insurer, and a voluntary deductible that you can choose the amount for. A higher voluntary deductible can lower your premium.

What is the difference between cashless and reimbursement claims?

The mode of payment is the main difference between cashless and reimbursement claims.

What are network and non-network hospitals?

Network hospitals are empanelled or have a tie-up with the insurance company, whereas non-network hospitals do not have a tie-up with them.

What is meant by the no-claim bonus?

Medical insurance plans are usually annual policies. Health insurance companies offer a No Claim Bonus if there has been no claim during the policy period. This bonus is allowed as an increase in the sum insured or a premium discount, depending on the plan’s features.

What is the Maternity Benefit Add-on?

Some insurance companies do not offer maternity benefits as a part of the base plan. The policyholder can opt in and buy additional coverage for maternity expenses. This additional coverage is called the Maternity Benefit Add-on.

Why should I buy health insurance?

You should purchase health insurance so you don’t lose your lifelong savings while paying for medical bills in a critical situation.

How will health insurance pay for my emergency medical expenses?

Your health insurance will either pay your hospital bills directly if you opt for the cashless facility or reimburse you for any payment you make towards medical expenses incurred due to an illness or injury.

What is the eligible age to buy health insurance?

While the eligibility age for health insurance policies differs, the general eligibility age for adults ranges between 18 years and 65 years. The eligibility age for children lies between 90 days to 18 years.

Will I be allowed to cover my family under my health insurance?

Yes, you can gain coverage for yourself, spouse, children, dependent parents, and other relationships such as parents-in-law, siblings, and others if your plan allows.

What is a claim settlement ratio?

The claim settlement ratio is the percentage of claims settled by an insurance company compared to the total claims received. A higher ratio indicates a more reliable insurer.

What is a pre-existing condition in health insurance?

A pre-existing condition is any health issue you had before the start of your insurance policy. Coverage for these conditions often comes with a waiting period.

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Go Digit General Insurance Limited | Corporate Office Address: Atlantis, 95, 4th B Cross Road, Koramangala Industrial Layout, 5th Block, Bengaluru 560095 | Registered Office Address: 1 to 6 floors, Ananta One (AR One), Pride Hotel Lane, Narveer Tanaji Wadi, Shivaji Nagar, Pune-411005, Maharashtra | Trade logo of Go Digit General Insurance Ltd. displayed above belongs to Go Digit lnfoworks Services Private Limited and is provided and used by Go Digit General Insurance Ltd. under license.

15 Important Things to Check Before Buying a Health Insurance Plan

Table of Contents

What is Health Insurance?

15 Essential Things to Consider Before Buying Health Insurance

1. Waiting Period

2. Co-payment

3. Cashless Health Insurance

4. Pre and Post Hospitalization

5. Room Rent Capping

6. Pre-existing Diseases

7. New Age Treatments

8. Daycare Procedures

9. Add-on Covers

10. Exclusions

11. Sum Insured

12. Cumulative Bonus

13. Deductible

14. Sub-limits

15. Loading

Tips For Purchasing Health Insurance Plan in India

Dos & Don’ts Before Buying Health Insurance in India

1. Things to Do Before Buying a Health Insurnace Plan

2. Things Not to Do Before Buying a Health Insurnace Plan

FAQs on Things to Know Before Buying Health Insurance

Do all pre-existing conditions have a waiting period?

How do I find out my Co-payment liability for health insurance?

Is it possible to reduce the waiting period in my health insurance policy?

Is there a difference between co-payment and deductible in health insurance policies?

What is the difference between cashless and reimbursement claims?

What are network and non-network hospitals?

What is meant by the no-claim bonus?

What is the Maternity Benefit Add-on?

Why should I buy health insurance?

How will health insurance pay for my emergency medical expenses?

What is the eligible age to buy health insurance?

Will I be allowed to cover my family under my health insurance?

What is a claim settlement ratio?

What is a pre-existing condition in health insurance?

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