As discussed above, the seven nutrients work together to maintain the overall development of cells and muscles in the human body. Take a look at the role of nutrition in the health and prevention of diseases discussed below. Having a brief idea about their functions would aid an individual to plan a diet chart that combines the benefits of these elements together.
1. Protein
Proteins are small groups of molecules that form amino acids in the body. These molecules support muscle and enzyme formation. Proteins are also crucial for hormonal balance in the body. Scientifically, there are nearly twenty amino acids in the body where ten are absorbed from the diet.
These amino acids generate new proteins, which repair muscle, skin and other tissues. Proteins also help balance body fluids, fight infection and carry oxygen through the blood. Food items like red meat, eggs, dairy, beans and nuts are rich sources of protein.
2. Carbohydrate
Carbohydrates, also known as carbs or saccharides, perform six major functions. They regulate blood glucose and offer energy to the body. Carbs prevent ketosis by breaking down the fatty acids. Moreover, they build macromolecules like RNA, DNA and ATP in the body.
Food items like rice, noodles, bread, grain-based products, etc., are rich sources of carbs. Consuming complex carbohydrates can keep an individual fuller for a long time and help an individual in managing body weight.
3. Fats
Fats store the converted energy and supply it to the body. Typically, the fats store far greater amounts of energy in a reduced space. The body uses fat to absorb vitamins and protects organs from damage. Fats are known to keep the body warm and energetic.
Food items containing low saturated fat include butter, seafood, cheese, coconut oil, chocolate, etc. Including these items in a diet would support healthy living.
4. Minerals
Minerals are micronutrients that help in the composition of bone, tissues, teeth, muscles and nerves. They help in the formation of vital body fluids, including blood, for bodily function. Minerals also play a significant role in maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system, supporting healthy nerve function, and regulating muscle tone. Sodium, chloride, magnesium, sulfur, phosphorus and calcium are examples of minerals needed in one’s body.
5. Fibres
Dietary fibres are a form of carbohydrates that help in digestion. It helps in removing the toxic waste from the digestive system and regulates bowel movement. Soluble fibres lower the low-density lipoprotein, thereby reducing the blood cholesterol levels. It can also slow the absorption of sugar and prevent diabetes.
Scientifically, high fibre foods are more filling, which aids in weight management as well. Wheat, nuts, beans, peas, legumes, vegetables, wholemeal bread, etc., are examples of fibre-rich foods.
6. Vitamins
Vitamins are essential nutrients that the body needs in small amounts. They are grouped as water-soluble and fat-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins D, A, E and K easily travel through the kidneys and get excreted.
On the other hand, folate, riboflavin, vitamin C, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, niacin and thiamin are water-soluble vitamins stored in the body’s cells. The body needs vitamins to support metabolic function and nerve functioning.
They work as antioxidants to remove the free radicals that damage cells. Some vitamins also take care of the immune system, bone and teeth growth, mucous membrane and skin health management.
7. Water
Every human being needs 2 litres of water per day. It helps in the formation of digestive juices, acts as the basis of blood, urine and sweat. In addition, water is required to regulate body temperature, reduce the risk of cystitis, maintain cell health, lubricate cushion joints, and keep the bladder clean from bacteria. Water keeps the body hydrated and supports healthy skin.
The stated information explains the role of nutrition in health management. However, with the availability of instant food, the demand for nutritious food has significantly reduced.
Following this practice can lead to serious health issues. Some of them are discussed below.