What Vitamins & Supplements are Good for Diabetic Patients?

According to a study conducted by the National Library of Medicine, vitamin D plays a crucial role in maintaining normal insulin regulation. However, it's not just vitamin D that can help manage diabetes; other essential vitamins also contribute significantly to controlling this chronic disease. Ensuring an adequate intake of these vitamins can support better blood sugar levels and overall health for diabetics.

From improving insulin sensitivity to reducing inflammation, these vitamins offer a range of benefits. So, without further delay, take a look at the following recommended vitamins for diabetics to incorporate into your daily routine.

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Vitamins for Diabetes
Sources of Vitamins
Daily Intake
Role of Vitamins for Diabetes
How to Support Diabetes?
Vitamin Deficiency Diseases on Diabetes
Diabetes Health Supplement
Frequently Asked Questions

Best Vitamins & Supplements for Diabetes

Managing diabetes effectively requires a holistic approach, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and the right vitamins and supplements. The following are the most beneficial vitamins and supplements for individuals with diabetes:

Vitamins & Supplements	Description
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)	Helps convert carbohydrates into energy, which is essential for managing diabetes. It supports nerve function and may reduce complications associated with diabetes by preventing diabetic neuropathy. Adequate levels of vitamin B1 can improve overall energy levels and enhance metabolic processes.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)	Vital for metabolism and red blood cell production, vitamin B6 helps manage blood glucose levels effectively. It also reduces the risk of diabetic complications by supporting the nervous system. Additionally, it aids in the conversion of food into energy, making it crucial for diabetics.
Vitamin B7 (Biotin)	Biotin plays a key role in carbohydrate metabolism and improving insulin sensitivity, which helps maintain stable blood sugar levels. It also supports healthy skin, hair, and nails, which can be affected by diabetes. Furthermore, biotin may enhance the body’s overall energy metabolism.
Vitamin B9 (Folate)	Essential for cell production and heart health, folate helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, which are common in diabetics. It also supports the formation of DNA and RNA and is crucial for proper brain function. Folate deficiency can lead to complications, making it vital for diabetics.
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)	Supports nerve health and red blood cell formation, which is crucial for diabetics who may experience nerve damage. Vitamin B12 also plays a role in DNA synthesis and energy production. Adequate levels can prevent anaemia and improve overall neurological function.
Vitamin C	A powerful antioxidant, vitamin C helps combat oxidative stress, which is higher in diabetics. It supports immune function and improves blood vessel health, reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications. Additionally, it aids in collagen production, benefiting skin health and wound healing.
Vitamin D	Enhances insulin sensitivity and supports bone health, with deficiencies linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Vitamin D also plays a role in regulating immune function and reducing inflammation. Adequate levels are essential for maintaining overall health and preventing bone-related issues.
Vitamin E	Acts as an antioxidant to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, potentially lowering the risk of diabetic complications. Vitamin E also supports immune function and skin health, both of which can be compromised in diabetics. It helps protect cells from damage, promoting overall well-being.
Vitamin A	Supports immune function and vision, both of which can be compromised in diabetics. Vitamin A also has anti-inflammatory properties and plays a role in cell growth and differentiation. Adequate levels can prevent vision problems and enhance the body's defence against infections.
Magnesium	Crucial for blood glucose control and insulin sensitivity, magnesium deficiencies are common in people with diabetes. It also supports muscle and nerve function, bone health, and energy production. Adequate magnesium levels can help reduce the risk of developing complications related to diabetes.
Chromium	Enhances the action of insulin and aids in glucose metabolism, helping to maintain stable blood sugar levels. Chromium also supports healthy cholesterol levels and may improve weight management. Its role in enhancing insulin sensitivity makes it beneficial for diabetics.
Alpha Lipoic Acid	A potent antioxidant, Alpha Lipoic Acid can reduce oxidative stress and improve nerve function, which is beneficial for managing diabetic neuropathy. It also helps in regenerating other antioxidants in the body, supporting overall health. Its anti-inflammatory properties further aid in managing diabetes-related complications.
Cinnamon	Known for its ability to improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels, cinnamon is beneficial for diabetics. It also has anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Regular consumption may improve overall metabolic health.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	These essential fats reduce inflammation and support heart health, which is crucial for diabetics. Omega-3s also improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of complications like heart disease. They are vital for brain function and overall cellular health.
Zinc	Important for immune function, wound healing, and insulin production, zinc is essential for diabetics. It also supports taste and smell, which can be affected by diabetes. Adequate zinc levels help maintain overall health and reduce the risk of infection.
Probiotics	Beneficial bacteria that support gut health, probiotics can improve digestion and enhance immune function. They may also help manage blood sugar levels and reduce inflammation. A healthy gut microbiome is crucial for overall health and well-being.
Acetyl-L-Carnitine	This amino acid supports nerve function and energy production and is beneficial for diabetics experiencing neuropathy. It also helps in the metabolism of fats, providing an energy source for cells. Adequate levels can improve overall metabolic health and reduce the risk of complications.
Fenugreek	Known for its ability to lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, and it is beneficial for diabetics. It also has anti-inflammatory properties and supports digestive health. Regular consumption can enhance overall metabolic function and reduce the risk of complications.
Ginseng	This herbal supplement can improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. Ginseng also has anti-inflammatory properties and supports immune function. It can enhance energy levels and overall well-being, making it beneficial for diabetics.

Best Sources of Essential Vitamins & Supplements for Liver Health

Take a look at the table below to get a fair idea about the vital vitamins and supplements for diabetics. These nutrients support blood sugar control, improve insulin sensitivity, and enhance overall health.

Essential Vitamins & Supplements for Diabetes	Nutritional Value	Source of Vitamins & Supplements
Vitamin B1	1.1-1.2 mg	Whole grains, pork, nuts, seeds, legumes, fish, peas, lentils, fortified cereals, oranges
Vitamin B6	1.3-1.7 mg	Peanuts, soybeans, bananas, oats, poultry, fish, potatoes, chickpeas, avocados, nuts, seeds, spinach, fortified cereal
Vitamin B7	30 mcg	Walnuts, mushroom, salmon, egg yolks, sardines, eggs, nuts, seeds, sweet potatoes, spinach, broccoli, cauliflower, cheese, avocado
Vitamin B9	400 mcg	Broccoli, cabbage, kale, spinach, peas, Brussels sprouts, legumes, citrus fruits, asparagus, avocado, beets, sunflower seeds, fortified cereals
Vitamin B12	2.4 mcg	Red meat, fish, beef liver, cereal, dairy products, eggs, poultry, shellfish, nutritional yeast, fortified plant-based milk
Vitamin C	75-90 mg	Kiwi, bell peppers, tomatoes, guavas, citrus fruits, berries, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, strawberries, papaya, kale
Vitamin D	600-800 IU	Egg yolk, fish, dairy products, fortified cereals, mushrooms, cheese, liver, fortified plant-based milk
Vitamin E	15 mg	Sunflower seeds, almonds, avocado, hazelnut, spinach, broccoli, vegetable oils, sunflower seeds, pumpkin
Vitamin A	700-900 mcg	Eggs, milk, cheese, fish, carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, liver, kale, red bell peppers, cantaloupe, apricots, mangoes
Magnesium	310-420 mg	Leafy greens, nuts, seeds, whole grains, dark chocolate, avocados, bananas, legumes, tofu, fatty fish
Chromium	25-35 mcg	Broccoli, grape juice, whole grains, potatoes, garlic, green beans, apples, bananas, oranges, beef
Alpha Lipoic Acid	300-600 mg	Spinach, broccoli, potatoes, yeast, organ meats, tomatoes, peas, Brussels sprouts, carrots, beets
Cinnamon	2-4 g	Cinnamon sticks, ground cinnamon, cinnamon tea, cinnamon supplements, baked goods, oatmeal, smoothies, yoghourt, curries
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	1.1-1.6 g	Fatty fish, flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts, hemp seeds, soybeans, canola oil, sardines, mackerel, herring
Zinc	8-11 mg	Meat, shellfish, legumes, seeds, nuts, dairy products, eggs, whole grains, fortified cereals, dark chocolate
Probiotics	10-20 million CFU	Yoghourt, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi, miso, tempeh, pickles, kombucha, fermented cheese, probiotic supplements
Acetyl-L-Carnitine	500-2,000 mg	Red meat, poultry, fish, dairy products, eggs, asparagus, whole wheat bread, avocado, peanut butter, tempeh
Fenugreek	100 g	Fenugreek seeds, fenugreek tea, fenugreek supplements, fenugreek leaves, curry powders, chutneys, pickles, sprouted fenugreek, fenugreek capsules
Ginseng	200-400 g	Ginseng root, ginseng tea, ginseng supplements, ginseng extract, energy drinks, herbal tinctures, ginseng powder, ginseng capsules, soups

Daily Intake of Vitamins & Supplements for Diabetes

Ensuring the right daily intake of essential vitamins and supplements can help manage diabetes and promote overall health. Below is a table with the recommended daily intake limits for various vitamins and supplements for different age groups.

Vitamin/Supplement	Daily Recommended Intake Limit
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)	Men: 1.2 mg, Women: 1.1 mg, Children: 0.5-1.2 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)	Men: 1.3-2.0 mg, Women: 1.3-1.7 mg, Children: 0.5-1.0 mg
Vitamin B7 (Biotin)	Adults: 30 mcg, Children: 5-25 mcg
Vitamin B9 (Folate)	Adults: 400 mcg, Pregnant Women: 600 mcg, Children: 150-300 mcg
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)	Adults: 2.4 mcg, Children: 0.9-2.4 mcg
Vitamin C	Men: 90 mg, Women: 75 mg, Children: 15-75 mg
Vitamin D	Adults: 600-800 IU, Children: 400-600 IU
Vitamin E	Adults: 15 mg, Children: 6-11 mg
Vitamin A	Men: 900 mcg, Women: 700 mcg, Children: 300-600 mcg
Magnesium	Men: 400-420 mg, Women: 310-320 mg, Children: 80-240 mg
Chromium	Men: 35 mcg, Women: 25 mcg, Children: 11-25 mcg
Alpha Lipoic Acid	Adults: 300-600 mg, Children: Consult a healthcare provider
Cinnamon	2-4 g
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	Men: 1.6 g, Women: 1.1 g, Children: 0.5-1.0 g
Zinc	Men: 11 mg, Women: 8 mg, Children: 2-8 mg
Probiotics	10-20 million CFU
Acetyl-L-Carnitine	Adults: 500-2,000 mg, Children: Consult a healthcare provider
Fenugreek	1g hydroalcoholic extract/100g germinated fenugreek seeds
Ginseng	1-2 g raw ginseng root/200-400 mg extract

How Do Vitamins Help with Diabetes?

There is no potential evidence to suggest any cure for diabetes, be it type 1 or type 2 diabetes. But, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular intake of a nutrient-rich diet can control this disease. If you wonder what nutrients you must include in your daily diet, vitamins should be included in the list.

For instance, the American Diabetes Association released a study stating that vitamin D in the blood serum reduced the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This vitamin also helps to lose weight. Reducing obesity further prevents the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Patients with diabetes mellitus undergo treatment on metformin. This increases the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency. Therefore, daily intake of vitamin B12 (2.4 mcg) for patients over 50 years is essential for treating diabetic neuropathy. Take help from the list mentioned above and pick your favourite vitamin B12 rich food and curb the deficiency.

Disclaimer: Remember to consult your doctor before consuming any food to avoid health risks.

Types of Diabetes and Its Corresponding Vitamin Dosage

Here's a brief overview of the different types of diabetes and associated vitamins that can help you control the same.

Type 1 Diabetes: Here, the immune system affects the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Doctors primarily diagnose this diabetes type in children and young people.

Note the following vitamins for diabetics (type 1 diabetes):

[1] [2]

Vitamins for Type 1 Diabetes	Dosage of Vitamin
Vitamin D	15 – 20 mcg (varies with age)
Vitamin B12	300 – 10,000 mcg (in case of deficiency)

Type 2 Diabetes: In this case, the body doesn't produce adequate insulin or resist insulin production. Given below is the list of the best vitamins for diabetes type 2:

[3] [4] [5]

Vitamins for Type 2 Diabetes	Dosage of Vitamin
Vitamin C	75 mg (women) – 90 mg(men)
Vitamin E	15 mg (14 years+)
Vitamin B6	1.3 – 1.7 mg

Besides knowing what vitamins are good for type 2 diabetes, continue reading to learn more about gestational diabetes and the necessary vitamins to fight it.

Gestational Diabetes: It is primarily diagnosed in pregnant women between the 24th and 28th weeks of pregnancy when their bodies cannot make enough insulin.

As per the WHO, note that consumption of vitamin D oral supplement is not recommended for pregnant women to improve maternal health. Hence, women who have gestational diabetes must consult a doctor before consuming vitamin D. However, diets with high content of vitamin C can protect them from developing gestational diabetes.

Role of Vitamins & Supplements for Diabetes

Vitamins and supplements play a crucial role in managing diabetes. Below is a table highlighting the benefits of essential vitamins and supplements for diabetes.

Vitamin/Supplement	Benefits
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)	Relieves neuropathy pain, helps convert carbohydrates into energy, supports nerve function, and reduces diabetic complications.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)	Prevents diabetic retinopathy, supports metabolism and red blood cell production, and aids in maintaining healthy nerve function.
Vitamin B7 (Biotin)	Increases the activity of enzyme glucokinase, supports carbohydrate metabolism, improves insulin sensitivity, and maintains healthy skin, hair, and nails.
Vitamin B9 (Folate)	Reduces the risk of gestational diabetes, supports cell production, promotes heart health, and aids in DNA synthesis.
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)	Maintains healthy blood cells and the nervous system, supports nerve health, aids in red blood cell formation, and improves neurological function.
Vitamin C	Controls sorbitol levels in the blood, increases insulin sensitivity, acts as an antioxidant, and supports immune function.
Vitamin D	Regulates insulin in the body, enhances insulin sensitivity, supports bone health, and reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Vitamin E	Fights toxins, oxygenates the blood, improves insulin regulation, acts as an antioxidant, and supports immune function.
Vitamin A	Improves the functionality of insulin-producing β-cells, supports vision and immune function, and has anti-inflammatory properties.
Magnesium	Enhances blood glucose control, improves insulin sensitivity, supports muscle and nerve function, and reduces the risk of diabetic complications.
Chromium	Enhances insulin action, aids in glucose metabolism, helps maintain stable blood sugar levels, and supports healthy cholesterol levels.
Alpha Lipoic Acid	Reduces oxidative stress, improves nerve function, aids in managing diabetic neuropathy, and supports overall antioxidant regeneration.
Cinnamon	Improves insulin sensitivity, lowers blood sugar levels, has anti-inflammatory properties, and supports heart health.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	Reduce inflammation, improve insulin sensitivity, support heart health, and enhance brain function.
Zinc	Supports immune function, aids in wound healing, promotes insulin production, and helps maintain overall health.
Probiotics	Improves digestion, enhances immune function, supports gut health, and may help manage blood sugar levels.
Acetyl-L-Carnitine	Supports nerve function, aids in energy production, helps manage diabetic neuropathy, and improves metabolic health.
Fenugreek	Lowers blood sugar levels, improves insulin sensitivity, has anti-inflammatory properties, and supports digestive health.
Ginseng	Improves insulin sensitivity, lowers blood sugar levels, has anti-inflammatory properties, and supports immune function.

How to Support Diabetes in Your Daily Routine?

Managing diabetes involves a comprehensive approach that includes lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and regular monitoring of blood glucose levels. Here are some key strategies to support diabetes management:

Maintain a Balanced Diet: Focus on consuming various nutrient-dense foods, including whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, fruits, and vegetables. Limit the intake of sugary and processed foods to help manage blood sugar levels effectively.
Regular Physical Activity: Engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days. Walking, cycling, and swimming can improve insulin sensitivity and help regulate blood glucose levels.
Monitor Blood Sugar Levels: Regularly checking your blood sugar levels can help you understand how different foods, activities, and medications affect your glucose levels. This is crucial for making necessary adjustments to your diabetes plan.
Take Medications as Prescribed: Adhere to your healthcare provider's recommendations regarding medications or insulin therapy. Consistent medication use helps maintain stable blood sugar levels and prevents complications.
Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water is essential for overall health and can help manage blood sugar levels. Proper hydration supports kidney function and helps flush out excess glucose through urine.
Manage Stress: Chronic stress can negatively impact blood sugar levels. Practice stress-reducing techniques such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing exercises, or spending time in nature to maintain emotional well-being.
Get Regular Check-Ups: Regular visits to your healthcare provider are essential for monitoring your overall health and managing diabetes. Routine check-ups can help detect any complications early and allow for timely interventions.

How to Boost Vitamin Levels for Diabetes?

Maintaining optimal vitamin levels is crucial for managing diabetes effectively and preventing complications. Here are some strategies to help boost your vitamin intake:

Incorporate a Variety of Foods: Ensure your diet includes a wide range of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
Focus on Leafy Greens: Include leafy vegetables like spinach, kale, and broccoli, which are rich in vitamins A, C, and K, as well as folate and magnesium.
Choose Fortified Foods: Opt for foods fortified with essential vitamins, as they are a good source of vitamin D, B12, and other important vitamins for diabetics.
Take Supplements if Needed: Consult with your healthcare provider about the need for vitamin supplements to maintain optimal health.
Stay Hydrated: Proper hydration supports overall health and helps absorb water-soluble vitamins like B and C. Make sure to drink plenty of water.
Limit Processed Foods: Reduce the intake of processed and sugary foods, which can interfere with absorbing essential vitamins and minerals.

Vitamin Deficiency Diseases Linked to Poor Liver Health

If you are wondering which vitamin deficiency can cause diabetes, take a look below:

Deficiency in vitamin D and vitamin A increases the risk of causing type 2 diabetes. A study released in Medical News Today said that lack of vitamin A in diet destroys beta cells. This reduces insulin production and increases the blood sugar level in the blood. Ultimately, it leads to the development of type 2 diabetes.

Vitamin D also improves insulin sensitivity. Hence, the deficiency of this vitamin increases insulin resistance, causing type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This is the primary reason why people with diabetes need vitamins.

Management of diabetes involves a modification in dietary habits and lifestyle changes. In terms of diet, make sure to include the essential vitamins for diabetics. But, consult a healthcare practitioner before making any dietary changes as well.

Effects of Long Term Vitamin Deficiency on Liver

Long-term vitamin deficiency can have serious implications for individuals with diabetes, exacerbating the condition and leading to additional health complications. A deficiency in essential vitamins such as B1, B6, B12, D, and E can impair glucose metabolism, reduce insulin sensitivity, and increase oxidative stress.

This can result in poor blood sugar control, increased risk of neuropathy, cardiovascular disease, and weakened immune function. Ensuring adequate vitamin intake is crucial for managing diabetes effectively and maintaining overall health.

Should You Take a Diabetes Health Supplement?

Deciding whether to take a diabetes health supplement should be based on individual needs and under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Supplements can help fill nutritional gaps, improve insulin sensitivity, and support overall health, particularly if your diet lacks essential vitamins and minerals.

However, they should not replace a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle. Consulting with your doctor can help determine the appropriate supplements and dosages to enhance your diabetes management plan safely and effectively.

Vitamins and supplements can help manage diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and preventing complications. Important nutrients like B vitamins, vitamin D, magnesium, and omega-3 fatty acids support your overall health.

While a balanced diet is the cornerstone of good nutrition, supplements can provide additional support where needed. Always consult with a healthcare professional to tailor your vitamin intake to your specific needs

FAQs about Vitamins for Diabetes

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Does exposure to sunlight make up for vitamin D deficiency?

No. It must be supplemented with food rich in vitamin D and other nutritional supplements. However, exposure to the sun is considered the natural source of vitamin D. The best time to get exposed to the sunlight is 10 am - 3 pm.

Does diabetes mean a restricted diet?

No, diabetic patients can eat without restrictions, but in a particular sizable proportion. Besides, essential vitamins for diabetics like vitamin A and D must be present in your diet.

Which is the best vitamin for diabetics?

Vitamin D and vitamin B are highly beneficial for diabetics as they help improve insulin sensitivity and regulate blood sugar levels.

Do diabetics need vitamin supplements?

No, not all diabetics need vitamin supplements. However, they may benefit from vitamin D, B12, supplements and antioxidants.

Is B12 good for diabetics?

Yes, vitamin B12 is good for diabetics, especially those on metformin, as it helps prevent neuropathy and manage blood sugar levels.

Can vitamin D reduce diabetes?

Yes, vitamin D can help reduce the risk of diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and regulating blood sugar levels.

What is the safest fruit for a diabetic?

Berries, such as strawberries and blueberries, are safe for diabetics as they have a low glycemic index and are high in fibre and antioxidants.

Is there a diabetic multivitamin?

Yes, there are diabetic multivitamins specifically formulated to support blood sugar management and provide essential nutrients.

What vitamins should diabetics avoid?

Diabetics should avoid high doses of niacin (B3) as it can raise blood sugar levels.

What drink lowers blood sugar?

Green tea is known to help lower blood sugar levels due to its antioxidant properties and ability to improve insulin sensitivity.

How to reverse diabetes?

Diabetes can potentially be reversed through a combination of weight loss, a low-carb diet, regular physical activity, and proper medical management.

Is turmeric good for diabetes?

Yes, turmeric is good for diabetes due to its active compound, curcumin, which helps reduce inflammation and improve blood sugar control.

What supplements lower blood sugar?

Supplements such as chromium, magnesium, and berberine have been shown to help lower blood sugar levels in diabetics.

Is 200 blood sugar normal after eating?

No, a blood sugar level of 200 mg/dL or higher after eating indicates hyperglycemia and is not normal, requiring medical attention.